Hebrews 1:1-14

Hebrews 1:1-4:

^1:1God in many-parts and many-manners of-old having uttered-forth to the fathers in the prophets, ^.2on (the) last of these days uttered-forth to us in (His) son, whom He put inheritor of all-things, by means of whom He made the ages, ^.3who – being (the) lightness of the glory and character of the substance of Him, and carrying all-things by the spoken-matter of the ability, having made-for-himself a cleaning of the sins by means of himself – sat-down in (the) right-side of the Greatness in high (places) ^.4having become so-much stronger-than angels by as-much-as he inherited² a name more-different beside them.

God (the only true God)…

• in many parts (a lot of portions) and many manners (a lot of methods, modes) for a period of time that has now become old
  • having uttered-forth (spoken)
    • to the fathers (forefathers, such as Abraham, Isaac, Jacob)
    • in the prophets (within the sphere of action of the prophecies spoken by the prophets, the people who spoke God's words being revealed to them concerning the past, present and/or future to, before, in front of a person or people; many of these prophecies were written down and recorded in the old covenant writings),
• on the last of these days (during the more remote, uttermost, final or extreme span of time of these days)
  • uttered-forth (God spoke)
    • to us  
    • in the son (within the sphere of action of His own son).

It is God’s son…

• whom God put inheritor of all-things (He placed, set him into the position of being the heir of all, the one who has the inheritance, the assigned lot, the allotted portion which is all things in God’s kingdom),
• by means of whom He made the ages (through His son God produced the life-times, the durations of life; these ages relevant to mankind began in Genesis 3:15-24; refer to also Titus 1:2),
• who –
  • being (is presently and actively being) the
    • lightness of the glory (shining light, effulgence, brightness, radiance of the importance, splendor, renown) and
    • character of the substance (active characteristic, having the distinctive quality being the mark, the impress of that-which is standing-under, underlying, what is arranged underneath everything else, the substructure, the subject, the essence in contrast to what may manifestly appear)
    • of Him (of God, his Father),
  • and included in this is that God’s son is  
  • carrying all-things (bringing, bearing, moving all things forward)
    • by the spoken-matter of the ability (by/with the portion of the whole of God's Word that contains the specific discourse which has the quality and consistency of the able-power, the capability),
    • having made for himself a cleaning of the sins (a cleansing of/from the sins, free from all mixture, a catharsis from sins, not mixed with the aberrations from God’s Word, from what God says) – how? –
    • by means of (through) himself  
• – sat-down in the right-side of the Greatness in high places (God’s son sat down within the right-hand side of the Majesty, the One Who is in the condition or state of being great, large in magnitude, quality, rank, importance, depth, measure, etc, the One in Whom greatness is evidenced and exemplified, Who is within the realm of elevated places, exalted areas)
  • having become so-much stronger-than angels (God’s son has come to have comparatively such an amount more force with exerted-power than angels)
    • by as much as he inherited and continues inherited a name more-different beside them (he has already become heir and he remains the heir of the allotted portion, see verse 1 above, which is that he now has a name that carries comparatively a more various way, it varies more-from and thus excels more-than the angels when compared side by side).

An angel is a spirit-being whose office and character is one of a messenger in official service via words and/or actions. The word "angel" comes from the Greek word aggello which means to tell or deliver a message and therefore an angel could be called a "messenger." Those angels who have continued to take their instructions from the only true God are also now under the command of the Lord Jesus Christ. But those angels who have refused to take their instructions from God and have instead decided to follow the devil are known as devils (devil-spirits, demons, evil, unclean or unholy spirits). The devil (satan, the snake/serpent, etc) was once one of God's angels, but he rebelled against God wanting to take God's place and he continues attempting to do so. We should also note that the Bible shows us that no human-being was or is or will be a spirit-being angel!

God’s son sat down in His right-side. The phrases "in/at/by/with/to the right-side" and “out-from the right-sides” are sometimes used literally, as being at the right-hand side or the right hand of someone or something. They can also be used metaphorically referring to a place or position of authority, power, honor, blessing, grace, approval, and excellence; being an extension of the power, etc, of the one whose side he/she is at. Additionally, they may refer to the agency whereby someone is placed into such a position, or is given one or all of these. Christ is presently seated within the sphere of action of, and continuing at, God's right-hand side because this is where God placed him when He raised him up from among the dead-people.

A name is a word or phrase given to a person, etc, to be called and known-by, in order to designate and describe the distinguishing and distinctive constitution, character, quality, workings, etc. Regarding the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, it includes all that the name of "Lord" and the name of "Jesus" and the name of "Christ" represent and stand for – such as all the authoritative-power, and ability, etc, that God gave to Jesus when he raised him up out-from the dead-people, and gave him the name that is above every other name, designating the resurrected Jesus being Lord and Christ (refer to Acts 2:21 and 38, 3:6 and 16, 4:7-12 and 30; Romans 1:3 and 4; Ephesians 1:19-23; Philippians 2:9 and 10; II Thessalonians 3:6).

Here in Hebrews, emphasis is given to the truth that when God resurrected Jesus He also included the name – SON – God’s son who inherits everything that the firstborn son should inherit from his Father, the only true God. The word ‘son’ emphasizes origin, quality, and essence.

It is interesting to notice that the usage of the Greek word translated “stronger” in verse 4 is also used in Hebrews 6:9, 7:7, 19, 22, 8:6, 9:23, 10:34, 11:16, 35, 40, and 12:24.

[Reference: Psalm 110:1; Matthew 5:35; Acts 2:17 and 34, 13:33 and 40, 17:29, 24:14; Romans 1:4, 4:13 and 14, chapter 8 specifically verses 17 and 34, 10:13, 12:6; I Corinthians 1:2 and 9, 5:4, 15:28; II Corinthians 1:19, 4:3-6, 9:4, 11:17; Galatians 1:16, 2:20, 3:17-29, 4:7; Ephesians 1:19-23, 3:11, 4:13; Philippians 2:6-11; Colossians 1:13-20, 3:1; I Thessalonians 1:10; Titus 2:13 and 14, 3:7; Hebrews 6:17, 8:1, 9:26, 10:12, 11:7, 12:2; I Peter 3:22; Jude 1:25. Note: verbs with a superscript 2 (²) immediately following them indicate the "perfect" tense - details are provided in the "Relevant Notes" link of this study.]

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